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The 36th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS, also known as the ''SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger'' (1944),〔 or simply the Dirlewanger Brigade, was a military unit of the Waffen-SS during World War II. Composed of criminals expected to die fighting in the front-line, the unit was led by Oskar Dirlewanger. Originally formed for anti-partisan duties against the Polish resistance; the unit eventually saw action in Slovakia, Hungary, and against the Soviet Red Army near the end of the war. During its operations it engaged in the rape, pillaging and mass murder of civilians. The unit participated in some of World War II's most notorious campaigns of terror in the east. During the organization's time in Russia, Dirlewanger burned women and children alive and let starved packs of dogs feed on them. He was known to hold large formations with the sole purpose of injecting Jews with strychnine.〔Grunberger, Richard. ''The 12-Year Reich: A Social History of Nazi Germany, 1933–1945''. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971; p. 104.〕 Dirlewanger's unit took part in the occupation of Belarus, where it carved out a reputation within the Waffen-SS as an atrocious unit. Numerous Heer and SS commanders attempted to remove Dirlewanger from the SS and disband the unit, although he had patrons within the Nazi apparatus who intervened on his behalf. His unit was most notably credited with the destruction of Warsaw, and the massacre of ~100,000 of the city's population during the Warsaw Uprising; and participating in the brutal suppression of the Slovak National Uprising in 1944. Dirlewanger's Division of the Waffen SS generated fear throughout Waffen-SS Organizations including the SS-Führungshauptamt (SS Command Headquarters) and earned the notoriety as the most criminal and heinous SS unit in Hitler's war machine. ==Oskar Dirlewanger== (詳細はIron Cross first and second class while serving in the Imperial German Army during World War I, Dirlewanger joined the ''Freikorps'' and took part in the crushing of German Revolution of 1918–19. He joined the Nazi Party in 1923. After graduation from Citizens' University, Dirlewanger worked at a bank and a knit-wear factory. He became a violent alcoholic, and in 1934 was convicted of the statutory rape of a 14-year-old girl and stealing government property. The Nazi Party expelled him and later compelled him to reapply for membership. After serving a two-year jail sentence, Dirlewanger was released. Soon after, he was arrested again for sexual assault. He was interned in a concentration camp. Desperate, Dirlewanger contacted Gottlob Berger, an old ''Freikorps'' comrade who worked closely with Heinrich Himmler, the ''Reichsführer-SS''. Berger secured his friend's release where he travelled to Spain to enlist in the Spanish Foreign Legion and later transferred to the ''Legión Cóndor'', a German volunteer unit which fought in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) for Franco's ''Falange Española''.〔 After returning to Germany in 1939, Dirlewanger enlisted with the ''Allgemeine SS'' (General-SS) with the rank of SS-''Untersturmführer''. In mid-1940, following the invasion of Poland Berger arranged for Dirlewanger to train a partisan-hunting military unit under his own control, composed of men convicted of poaching.〔 Chris Bishop, Michael Williams, ( ''SS: Hell on the Western Front''. ) Zenith Imprint, 2003, p. 92. ISBN 0-7603-1402-0. 〕〔 Stein, George H. (1984). ''(The Waffen SS )''. Cornell University Press, pp. 266–268. ISBN 0-8014-9275-0. 〕〔 Wistrich, Robert S. (2001). ''(Who's Who of Nazi Germany: Dirlewanger, Oskar. )'' Routledge, p. 44. ISBN 0-415-26038-8. 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「36th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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